Final answer:
A defensive driver practices anticipation and caution on the road by slowing down for pedestrians, staying alert at intersections, and being prepared for unexpected obstacles like animals. Additionally, understanding the relationship between speed and stopping distance as well as the Doppler shift are important defensive driving concepts.
Step-by-step explanation:
A defensive driver anticipates potential dangers to minimize the risk of accidents. Here are some examples of how you can drive defensively:
- When you see a woman pushing a baby stroller down the street, slow down and be prepared to stop. Children may suddenly appear from behind the stroller.
- At an intersection, when you hear a car honking its horn, remain calm and observe the situation before proceeding. Road rage or impatience could lead to erratic driving behavior from others.
- If a dog runs out of an opened door, it may run into the street. Slow down or stop to avoid hitting it and to give its owner a chance to retrieve it.
Understanding the relationship between speed and stopping distance is vital for safe driving. For instance, when considering whether it's safe to cross a street with an oncoming car 28 meters away, you must assess your own walking speed against the car's speed and distance to ensure you can cross safely.
When walking near traffic, being aware of the Doppler shift can help you judge the speed and distance of approaching vehicles by the change in frequency of their sound.
Finally, always engage in safe practices, such as wearing a safety belt, avoiding unnecessary risks, and being aware of your surroundings to reduce the probability of accidents.