Final answer:
The energy from the sun is captured by plants, algae, and certain bacteria through the process of photosynthesis, where they transform carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, serving as a critical foundation for most ecosystems. The correct option is 1) Photosynthesis
Step-by-step explanation:
A fraction of the energy from the sun is captured by plants, algae, and some bacteria through the process of photosynthesis. This complex biological process enables these organisms, known as photoautotrophs, to use energy from sunlight to make food.
During photosynthesis, plants, and certain bacteria convert carbon dioxide (CO2), liquid water, and light into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen gas (O2).
The process of photosynthesis is essential for the existence of life on Earth, as it forms the base of most ecosystems. By harnessing solar energy, photoautotrophs serve as the primary energy source in food webs.
They convert solar energy into chemical energy stored as ATP, which is used to synthesize organic molecules such as glucose. These molecules are fundamental for the growth and energy requirements of the plants themselves as well as for other organisms that rely on photoautotrophs for their food. The correct option is 1) Photosynthesis