Final answer:
Nicolaus Copernicus wrote On the Revolution of Celestial Orbs, which described his heliocentric model of the solar system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The book On the Revolution of Celestial Orbs was written by Nicolaus Copernicus. Published in 1543, this book described Copernicus' heliocentric model of the solar system, which proposed that the Sun, rather than the Earth, was at the center of the universe. Copernicus challenged the prevailing belief that Earth was the center of the celestial sphere, leading to a profound shift in our understanding of the cosmos.