Final answer:
Access control is a security mechanism used to restrict user permissions concerning the viewing and interaction with data. It ensures data protection through various methods, such as user permissions and advanced authentication technologies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The phrase you are referring to is "access control." Access control is a security rule defined to restrict the permissions of a user from viewing and interacting with data. It involves protocols that limit access to resources in computing environments, ensuring that users only have the permissions necessary to perform their job functions. These controls are employed within organizations to protect data confidentiality, integrity, and availability from unauthorized access or alterations.
Access control can come in many forms, including physical access control to buildings, and logical access controls applied to computer systems, networks, and data. This may include the use of permissions, user accounts, and passwords, as well as more advanced technologies like biometric authentication or digital certificates.