Final answer:
Researches have categorized the active information processing in short-term memory as working memory. This involves active engagement with information, using strategies like rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal to encode memories into long-term storage. The Atkinson-Shiffrin model and the working memory model by Baddeley and Hitch describe these processes and the memory stages.
Step-by-step explanation:
To recognize the active information processing that occurs in short-term memory, researchers have categorized it as working memory. Unlike short-term memory which simply refers to a temporary storage of information, working memory involves the manipulation and active engagement with that information. It allows you to temporarily hold and manipulate information for cognitive tasks such as learning, reasoning, and comprehension. Rehearsal is one method that can move information from short-term to long-term memory, allowing for deeper encoding of the information. This can be done through active rehearsal, like repeating information, or through elaborative rehearsal, which involves creating meaningful connections between new information and existing knowledge to enhance memory.
According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model, memory includes three stages: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. However, the working memory model proposed by Baddeley and Hitch adds complexity to this model, introducing the concept of a central executive and different components of working memory that handle different types of information. This conceptualization acknowledges the dynamic processes involved in storing and manipulating information in the mind.