Question

Compared to less massive particles at the same temperature, more massive particles?

1) are closer together
2) are farther apart
3) move more quickly
4) move more slowly

Answer 1

The correct answer is option 4) move more slowly.

Step-by-step explanation:

At a given temperature, the kinetic energy of particles is essentially the same regardless of their mass. Since kinetic energy (KE) is related to temperature, it is equal for both heavy and light particles at the same temperature. The formula for kinetic energy is ½mv², where m is mass and v is velocity. For heavier particles to have the same kinetic energy as lighter ones, they must move with less velocity due to their higher mass.

Therefore, compared to less massive particles at the same temperature, more massive particles move more slowly. This means that choice 4) is correct. This is in line with the principles of kinetic theory and gas behavior.

Reviewing the principle of kinetic energy, if the temperature increases, particles will generally move faster, as temperature is directly proportional to the kinetic energy of the particles. Absolute zero is the theoretical temperature at which particles would have no kinetic energy and thus would not move at all.