Final answer:
The recruitment of coral reef fishes can be influenced by predation, competition, and symbiosis. All of these phenomena play a role in shaping fish populations on the reef.
Step-by-step explanation:
The recruitment of coral reef fishes can be influenced by all of the phenomena mentioned, namely predation, competition, and symbiosis.
Predation plays a role in recruitment as some coral reef fish species prey on smaller fish and invertebrates, which can shape the composition and abundance of fish populations on the reef.
Competition is another factor that affects recruitment. Fish species may compete for limited resources such as food or territory, which can influence their recruitment success.
Symbiosis, particularly mutualistic relationships between certain fish and coral, can also impact recruitment. Some fish species have a symbiotic relationship with coral reefs, where they protect the coral in exchange for a habitat and food source.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is All of the above.