Final answer:
Each lung in the human body is enclosed in the pleural cavity, which is part of the thoracic cavity and is surrounded by the pleura. The pleural cavity facilitates the expansion and contraction of the lungs during breathing.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the human body, each lung is enclosed in the pleural cavity. This cavity is integral to the respiratory system and is protected by the rib cage. The pleura is a significant component of this system, encompassing the lungs with its two layers - the visceral pleura, which is superficial to the lungs, and the parietal pleura, which connects to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The space between these two layers is referred to as the pleural cavity, which allows the lungs to expand and contract smoothly during respiration.