Final answer:
Option 1: The photoelectric effect involves the ejection of electrons from a material due to the interaction with x-ray photons, as explained by Einstein's theory of photons having energy proportional to frequency.
Step-by-step explanation:
The photoelectric effect is an interaction between x-ray photons and electrons. This phenomenon occurs when electromagnetic (EM) radiation, such as x-rays, shines on a material and causes electrons to be ejected from that material. The concept was explained by Albert Einstein, who proposed that photons, which are quanta of EM radiation, have energy E = hf, where h is Planck's constant and f is the frequency of the radiation. The maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons, known as photoelectrons, can be represented by the equation KEe = hf - BE, where hf is the photon energy and BE is the binding energy or work function of the electron to the material.
The photoelectric effect is an interaction between x-ray photons and electrons. When x-ray photons strike the surface of a material, they can transfer their energy to electrons in the material, causing the electrons to be ejected. This phenomenon is explained by the particle nature of light and the concept of photons. According to Einstein's proposal, photons are quanta of electromagnetic radiation, and they have energy that is proportional to their frequency. When x-ray photons interact with electrons, they transfer their energy to the electrons, which can overcome the binding energy of the electrons and result in their ejection from the material.