Final answer:
The statement is true: a low energy X-ray photon can indeed use all of its energy to eject an inner-shell electron, leading to the emission of characteristic X-rays when another electron fills the vacancy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that a low energy X-ray photon uses all of its energy to eject an inner-shell electron is True. This process is known as the photoelectric effect, where a photon interacts with an electron and transfers all its energy to the electron, which can result in the electron being ejected from the atom if the photon's energy is sufficient to overcome the electron's binding energy to the nucleus.
After the ejection of the inner-shell electron, an electron from a higher energy level can drop into the lower energy vacancy, releasing the excess energy as an electromagnetic (EM) wave known as an X-ray. These emitted X-rays are characteristic of the element and are used in various applications such as medical imaging and material analysis.