Final answer:
The absolute positive and negative values in a waveform are the peak and trough, representing the maximum amplitude of a wave. Amplitude is the distance from the resting position to the peak or trough, and the frequency depends on how many waves pass a point in a second. so, option 2 is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The absolute positive and negative values in a waveform are referred to as the amplitude of the wave. Amplitude is the distance between the resting position and the maximum displacement of the wave, either in a positive direction (peak) or in a negative direction (trough). Therefore, the correct answer to the comparison of absolute positive and negative values in a waveform is peak and trough.
The frequency of a wave is the number of waves that pass by a specific point per second, and it is related to the period, which is the time it takes for one wave cycle to complete. The relationship between wavelength, frequency, and speed is characterized by the wave speed equation v = f×λ, where 'v' is the speed of the wave, 'f' is the frequency, and 'λ' is the wavelength.
When drawing two wavelengths of a transverse wave, one should label the peaks, troughs, and wavelength, which is the distance between subsequent peaks or troughs. It's important to note that in a consistent waveform, the distances between crests, as well as between troughs, are equal. Moreover, this distance is equal to the distance between a crest and the subsequent trough, demonstrating the regular periodicity of the wave.