Final answer:
The nail matrix contains lymph, blood vessels, and nerves and is where the cells that create the nail are formed. It surrounds the nail root and is responsible for the continuous growth of the nail.
Step-by-step explanation:
The part of the nail that contains lymph, blood vessels, and nerves that create cells is the nail matrix. Stem cells within the nail matrix keep dividing to produce keratinocytes, which are the cells that produce keratin to form the nail. The matrix is responsible for nail growth as it surrounds the nail root at the proximal end of the nail.
The lunula is the visible part of the matrix, that appears as a crescent-shaped whitish area at the base of the nail. This area looks different from the rest of the nail bed because it covers the thick layer of growing cells in the matrix. As the newly formed nail plate (the main keratinous plate that forms the nail) moves over the nail bed, it is the matrix cells that are contributing to this growth.