Final answer:
A film badge is an example of a personnel monitor that uses a chemical change to measure radiation exposure, with a darkening of the film indicating the radiation dose.
Step-by-step explanation:
An example of a personnel monitor that measures radiation through a chemical change reaction is a film badge. The film badge uses photographic film to detect and measure ionizing radiation exposure. When radiation interacts with the film, it causes a chemical change in the film’s emulsion, resulting in a darkening effect that is proportional to the amount of radiation to which the film was exposed. This darkening can be analyzed to determine the radiation dose received by the person wearing the badge. In contrast, devices like Geiger-Muller counters and scintillation counters measure radiation through ionization and scintillation, respectively, which are physical rather than chemical processes.
Other common types of personal radiation monitors include thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) and electronic dosimeters, but these do not measure radiation through a chemical change reaction as the film badge does. TLDs measure radiation exposure by the amount of light emitted from a crystal inside the dosimeter when it is heated, which is related to the amount of radiation that was absorbed.