Final answer:
Genetics and environment both influence intelligence, and a child's academic success depends on the environment they are raised in.
Step-by-step explanation:
Genetics and environment both have an influence on intelligence. While genetics determine the potential for intelligence, the environment plays a crucial role in whether that potential is achieved. For example, a child with the genetics to excel academically may fail academically if they are raised in an environment that lacks educational resources and support.
Research has shown that a stimulating environment can enhance intellectual development and help individuals reach their full potential. On the other hand, a poor environment with limited opportunities can hinder intellectual growth. This concept is known as the Range of Reaction, which states that individuals respond to the environment based on their genetic makeup. Therefore, a child with strong genetic potential for intelligence will excel academically if provided with a nurturing and intellectually stimulating environment.