Final answer:
Meiosis produces four genetically unique haploid cells, while mitosis results in genetically identical diploid cells. Gametes are haploid, meaning they hold only one set of chromosomes, necessary for sexual reproduction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of meiosis creates genetically unique cells. Unlike mitosis which produces genetically identical cells, meiosis involves two rounds of nuclear division resulting in four daughter cells that are haploid and genetically distinct from each other and the parent cell.
The process that makes genetically unique cells is meiosis. Meiosis is a two-step division process that results in four haploid and genetically distinct daughter cells. This is different from mitosis, which is another cell division process where the nucleus divides to produce genetically identical diploid daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
In the context of gametes, which are sex cells like sperm and eggs, the term 'haploid' means that these cells contain only one set of chromosomes, which is half the number found in non-reproductive cells of an organism, making them essential for sexual reproduction.