Final answer:
The brainstem controls vital functions, coordinates motor control, relays signals between the brain and spinal cord, and integrates sensory and motor information. The cerebellum coordinates body movements, aids in learning new motor tasks, and processes memories.
Step-by-step explanation:
Functions of the Brainstem:
- Relaying signals: The brainstem allows for the relay of signals between the brain and spinal cord through motor and sensory neurons.
- Controlling vital functions: It is responsible for controlling important functions of the body like breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion.
- Coordinating motor control: The brainstem coordinates motor control signals sent from the brain to the body. Integrating sensory and motor information: It integrates sensory and motor information, allowing for the coordination of body movements.
Functions of the Cerebellum:
- Coordinating body movements: The cerebellum receives messages from muscles, tendons, joints, and structures in our ear to control balance, coordination, movement, and motor skills.
- Aiding in learning: It aids in coordinating movement and learning new motor tasks.
- Processing memories: The cerebellum is thought to be involved in processing procedural memories, which are memories involved in learning and remembering how to perform tasks.