Final answer:
The given statement, "An unsuccessful 1812 invasion of Russia forced Napoleon's troops to retreat. The allies quickly gained the upper hand and took Paris in March 1814," is true (T) because Napoleon's failed 1812 invasion of Russia led to his troops' retreat and the subsequent allied advance, culminating in the capture of Paris in March 1814.
Step-by-step explanation:
In 1812, Napoleon led the French invasion of Russia, resulting in a disastrous campaign marked by harsh conditions, lack of supplies, and the scorched-earth tactic employed by the Russians. This forced Napoleon's Grande Armée to retreat, suffering significant losses due to the brutal Russian winter and skirmishes. Following this retreat, the tide turned against Napoleon, and the coalition of allied forces began to gain momentum.
By March 1814, the allied forces, comprising Prussian, Austrian, Russian, and other troops, successfully invaded France, eventually capturing Paris. This marked a significant turning point in the Napoleonic Wars, leading to Napoleon's abdication and exile to the island of Elba. The BBC's statement accurately reflects the events that transpired during this period, depicting the failed invasion of Russia in 1812 and the subsequent defeat of Napoleon's forces, culminating in the capture of Paris in March 1814.
Reiterate:
The statement provided by the BBC is true, outlining the unsuccessful 1812 invasion of Russia by Napoleon and the subsequent capture of Paris by the allies in March 1814.
Correct answer: True (a)