Final answer:
Hyperthyroidism is indicated by increased T3 and T4 levels and decreased TSH levels in lab results. Patient B's symptoms suggest they are likely to have hyperthyroidism, in contrast to Patient A, who may have hypothyroidism.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland is overactive, is characterized by an elevated level of thyroid hormone in the blood. Clinically, this is indicated by increased levels of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which control the basal metabolic rate. The typical feedback mechanism in the body will result in decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels due to the high levels of thyroid hormones signaling the pituitary gland that no further stimulation of the thyroid gland is needed.
Therefore, the lab results indicative of hyperthyroidism would show:
- Increased T3 and T4 levels
- Decreased TSH levels
Patient B, with symptoms of weight loss, profuse sweating, increased heart rate, and difficulty sleeping, is more likely to have hyperthyroidism. In contrast, Patient A, displaying weight gain, cold sensitivity, low heart rate, and fatigue, may be experiencing hypothyroidism, where the thyroid gland is underactive.