Final answer:
The medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm, a branch of the medial cord of the brachial plexus, supplies the skin over half of the anterior surface of the forearm.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm, a branch of the medial cord of the brachial plexus, is responsible for supplying the skin over the anterior surface of half of the forearm. Muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm, crucial for wrist and finger movements, include the flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, and flexor digitorum superficialis. These muscles are involved in various flexion and movement actions of the wrist and fingers.
Accompanying the anterior compartment are blood vessels, particularly the brachial artery and its bifurcations, which run parallel to the ulna and radius. These vessels contribute to the formation of the superficial and deep palmar arches, ensuring adequate blood supply to the muscles and tissues in the anterior forearm. This intricate network of nerves and blood vessels highlights the anatomical complexity and functional significance of the structures in the anterior compartment of the forearm.