Final answer:
The operation that writes the value of a program variable X into the database item named X is called update.
Step-by-step explanation:
The operation that writes the value of a program variable X into the database item named X is called update.
An update operation is used to modify the existing data in a database and it ensures that the newly assigned value of variable X is stored in the corresponding database item.
For example, if a program sets the value of variable X to 10 and then performs an update operation on the database item named X, the value stored in that item will be changed to 10.