Final answer:
The area of psychology that posits that human behavior is heavily influenced by unconscious forces is psychoanalysis, a theory developed by Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalysis emphasizes unconscious drives influenced by sex and aggression in shaping our personality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The idea that human behavior is influenced by unconscious forces, particularly sexual and aggressive forces, is advocated by psychoanalysis. This school of thought was developed by Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud. Freud's psychoanalysis posits that people have suppressed elements in their unconscious minds, which have a significant impact on their conscious behavior. Freud also developed a method utilizing techniques such as dream analysis and free association to access the unconscious mind. In contrast, behaviorism, structuralism, and humanism have different views on human behavior and psychology.
Psychoanalysis was a dominant force in clinical psychology for several decades and was particularly focused on the role of childhood experiences and unconscious drives on personality. However, it has been critiqued by both post-structuralists and feminists, and other perspectives such as humanism have emerged as responses to psychoanalytic theory's perceived determinism and pessimistic view of human nature.