Final answer:
The hormone responsible for the formation of the corpus luteum after ovulation is the Luteinizing hormone (LH). LH stimulates the production of progesterone by the corpus luteum during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle.
Step-by-step explanation:
After ovulation, the follicular tissue that remains in the ovary transforms into a structure known as the corpus luteum. This transformation is triggered by a surge in a specific pituitary hormone. The hormone responsible for stimulating the formation of the corpus luteum from the follicular tissue left behind after ovulation is the Luteinizing hormone (LH).
The LH surge not only triggers ovulation but also initiates the change in the granulosa and theca cells, a process termed luteinization. Following ovulation, the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle begins, during which the corpus luteum produces high levels of progesterone. This sex steroid hormone is crucial for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy, as it prepares the uterus for potential implantation of a fertilized egg and exercises negative feedback on the hypothalamus and pituitary to prevent the development of new dominant follicles.