Final answer:
Glucagon is the correct substance to correct low blood sugar caused by too much insulin, as it stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver, increasing blood glucose levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a diabetic patient received too much insulin, the low blood sugar could indeed be a serious problem and needs to be corrected promptly. The correct substance that can counteract the effects of excessive insulin is glucagon. Glucagon is a peptide hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas, and its primary role is to raise blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen into glucose in the liver, a process known as glycogenolysis.
Therefore, when facing hypoglycemia due to an excess of insulin, the administration of glucagon is an appropriate and immediate response. Glucagon will work to elevate the blood glucose levels back to normal, providing a counter-regulatory balance to the hypoglycemic effects of insulin.
An incorrect option such as GHIH (a), aldosterone (c), thyroid hormone (d), or antidiuretic hormone (e), would not have the desired effect in increasing blood glucose levels as glucagon does.