Final answer:
The concept in question, which is related to the idea of absolute truths and moral standards, is best described by deontology. Deontology, associated with Kantian ethics, posits that there are universal moral laws that apply to all rational beings. It stands in contrast to normative ethical relativism, which denies the existence of such universal standards.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the realm of normative ethics, the concept of absolute truths and universal moral standards is closely related to deontology. Deontology asserts that certain actions are intrinsically right or wrong, regardless of their consequences. This ethical perspective is largely associated with the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, who introduced the idea of categorical imperatives as universal truths that rational beings should follow. In contrast to deontology, utilitarianism and virtue ethics are other forms of normative ethical theories that do not adhere to absolute moral standards. Utilitarianism is a type of consequentialism, valuing the outcome of actions, and virtue ethics focuses on character and virtue rather than rigid rules.
On the other hand, normative ethical relativism claims there are no universal moral principles, suggesting that what is considered morally right or wrong varies from culture to culture. This challenges the deontological view of universal moral laws. However, despite cultural differences, some argue there may still be common ethical principles shared among various societies, such as the value of life. Nonetheless, deontological ethics holds that there are certain duties and principles considered absolute moral standards that should guide our actions in every situation.