Final answer:
Alzheimer's disease is influenced by genetics and lifestyle factors. The APOE gene variant E4 increases the risk, while environmental factors like pollution and lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise also play roles. There is currently no cure, only symptom management.
Step-by-step explanation:
Alzheimer's disease is a form of dementia characterized by a decline in cognitive ability and memory. It can be directly caused by mutations in specific genes in early onset cases, which are rare and affect less than five percent of patients. However, the more common late-onset Alzheimer's likely has a genetic component as well. The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, with its E4 variant, is known to increase the risk of developing the disease.
While genetics play a crucial role, environmental factors and lifestyle choices are also significant in the development of Alzheimer's. High pollution levels, a family history of dementia, dietary choices, and levels of physical activity all affect the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining social interactions, and leading a mentally active lifestyle are some preventive measures that may reduce the risk.
Currently, there is no cure for Alzheimer's, with existing treatments focusing on symptom management rather than addressing the underlying cause of the disease. Nevertheless, understanding the genetic and environmental factors can aid in the development of better prevention strategies and potentially pave the way for a cure.