Final answer:
Most volcanism is related to plate boundaries where tectonic movements cause geological activity. Mantle hot spots also contribute to volcanism, forming features like the Hawaiian island chain.
Step-by-step explanation:
The majority of volcanism in the world is associated with plate boundaries. At these boundaries, the Earth’s tectonic plates interact, leading to geological phenomena such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Most mountain ranges are also the product of tectonic plate activity. Other volcanic activity can be attributed to mantle hot spots, areas within plates that generate volcanic islands such as the Hawaiian island chain due to rising heat from the Earth’s interior. The Yellowstone and Anahim hotspots are examples where the North American Plate moves over these hot spots, causing volcanic activity and the potential formation of calderas.