Final answer:
The activity coefficient of hydrogen ions in a dilute solution like the one mentioned (0.010 M NaOH plus 0.040 M KClO4) is approximately 1, as activities of solutes are approximated by their molarities in a dilute solution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student is asking for the activity coefficient of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution containing both NaOH and KClO4. The activity coefficient is a factor used in chemistry to account for deviations from ideal behavior in a solution. When calculating pH or [H+], one typically uses the concentrations of H+ or OH- rather than activity coefficients. However, as the question asks specifically for the activity coefficient of H+ and the solution is assumed to be dilute, the activity coefficient is approximated to be 1 for both H+ and OH-.
In order to find the concentration of H+, the relationship between [OH-] and [H+] can be used, given by the formula: [H3O+] = 10-14 / [OH-]. Since [NaOH] = 0.010 M, we can infer that [OH-] = 0.010 M. Thus [H3O+] can be calculated as 10-14 / 0.010 = 1.0 × 10-12 M. From this, we conclude that in a dilute solution, the activity coefficient of H is essentially 1.