Final answer:
The residual for a point where golfers made 31% is 0% if the model also predicts 31%, indicating a perfect match between predicted and actual values. The correct interpretation is that there is no difference between the predicted and actual values, Option D.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate and interpret the residual for the point where golfers made 31%, we need to compare the actual percentage to the predicted percentage by the regression model.
The residual is the difference between the observed value and the predicted value from the regression line, calculated as: residual = observed value - predicted value. If the observed value is 31% and the regression model also predicts 31%, then the residual is 0%, which indicates a perfect prediction by the model.
A positive residual indicates an underestimation by the model, while a negative residual indicates an overestimation. To interpret the given options: Option A suggests a perfect match, which would result in a residual of 0%.
Option B suggests the model overestimated the performance by 31%, which is not accurate if model the predicts 31%. Option C suggests an underestimation by 69%, which also does not apply. Option D is correct as it suggests there is no difference between the predicted and actual values, which is the case when both are 31%.