Final answer:
An appraisal-based strategy is most closely related to cognitive psychology, which focuses on human thinking and processing information to understand behavior and emotions.
Step-by-step explanation:
An appraisal-based strategy in psychology aligns most closely with the cognitive perspective. Cognitive psychology is focused on the study of human thinking and processing. It examines how individuals interpret, process, and remember information and how these cognitive processes influence our behavior and emotions. The cognitive perspective is central to understanding appraisal mechanisms that assess the significance of events in relation to the individual's well-being and subsequently inform their reactions and strategies. This is in contrast to behaviorism, which emphasizes the role of environmental reinforcements in shaping behavior, and psychoanalysis, which focuses on unconscious motivations.