Final answer:
The correct answer to the question is E: All of the choices are correct. The nucleotide sequence of a DNA segment can be used to assess genetic relatedness, determine individual genetic differences within a species, predict amino acid sequences of proteins, and predict protein structure, location, and function.
Step-by-step explanation:
Once the nucleotide sequence of a DNA segment has been determined, several outcomes are possible. A: It can be compared to the DNA sequence of other organisms to assess their genetic relatedness. This process involves matching the DNA sequence against known databases like GenBank to find similarities and differences. B: For individual genetic differences within the same species, DNA sequencing can help identify specific variations or markers that are unique to individuals. C: The sequence can also be used to predict the amino acid sequence of proteins, with tools that translate the sequence of DNA into the corresponding protein sequence. D: Furthermore, the DNA sequence can aid in predicting the structure, location, and possible functions of the proteins that it encodes, contributing to a better understanding of the cellular role of these proteins.
Overall, the comprehensive answer to the student’s question is E: All of the choices are correct. Each option represents a practical application of DNA sequencing in fields such as genetics, evolutionary biology, medical diagnostics, and biotechnology.