Final answer:
Hofstede's four dimensions that explain variation among cultures are power distance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, and uncertainty avoidance.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hofstede's four dimensions that explain variation among cultures are:
Power distance: refers to the extent to which less powerful members of a society accept and expect unequal distribution of power.
Individualism vs. collectivism: reflects the degree to which individuals are integrated into groups and prioritize individual interests over group interests or vice versa.
Masculinity vs. femininity: expresses the degree to which gender roles are differentiated in a society, with masculinity emphasizing assertiveness and competitiveness and femininity emphasizing nurturing and cooperation.
Uncertainty avoidance: reflects the extent to which people in a society prefer structured situations and avoid uncertainty and ambiguity.
Based on these dimensions, the correct answer is A. introversion/extraversion, as this dimension is not one of Hofstede's four dimensions.