Final answer:
The correct table shows that caves and related formations like stalactites and stalagmites result from the physical and chemical actions of groundwater dissolving limestone, while sinkholes are formed by acidic groundwater reactions and hot springs and geysers by geothermal heating of groundwater.
Step-by-step explanation:
The table that best matches surface features with the processes responsible for their formation indicates that caverns, caves, and stalactite and stalagmite formations result from the physical and chemical actions of groundwater. Acidic groundwater containing CO2 dissolves limestone ({CaCO3}), forming caves over thousands of years. As the water drips and evaporates from cave ceilings, it leaves behind layers of {CaCO3}, creating stalactites and stalagmites. On the other hand, sinkholes form when acidic groundwater reacts with limestone, and not from dripping groundwater alone. Hot springs and geysers result from the heating of groundwater due to geothermal energy.
Equilibrium shifts in the solution within the cave environment, where calcium carbonate precipitates to form the various structures found in caves. This process is a classic example of pH-dependent solubility equilibria. Over time, this intricate process carves out the stunning limestone cave systems adorned with stalactites and stalagmites throughout the world.