Final answer:
The statement is true; Mendel's Law of Segregation requires two contrasting forms of a gene, known as alleles, to describe the inheritance and segregation of genetic traits.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Mendel's Law of Segregation, the experimenter indeed needs a minimum of two contrasting forms of a gene, which can be described as alleles. This is true because Mendel's experiments with pea plants required different alleles to manifest different traits in the offspring. The Law of Segregation states that alleles segregate, or separate, into different gametes during reproduction, ensuring that each parent contributes only one allele for each trait to their offspring.
By observing true-breeding pea plants that consistently displayed a single trait when self-pollinated, Mendel deduced that each plant must have two alleles for a given trait, one from each parent. These alleles can either be dominant or recessive. Through his experiments, Mendel found that these traits segregate during the reproductive process, with a resulting F2 generation expressing the previously hidden recessive traits in a 3:1 ratio in relation to the dominant traits, hence confirming the Law of Segregation.