Final answer:
Control Theory, developed by Travis Hirsch, explains crime as the outcome of an imbalance between temptations for criminal activity and the controls that deter it, emphasizing the importance of social bonds and connection to society in preventing crime.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory you are referring to, which views crime as the outcome of an imbalance between impulses toward criminal activity and the social or physical controls that deter it, is known as Control Theory. This theory, developed by sociologist Travis Hirsch, posits that individuals who feel connected to society are less likely to commit crimes against it. Control Theory emphasizes the strength of social bonds and the presence of strong social controls as the primary deterrents of criminal and deviant behavior.
Travis Hirsch identified four types of social bonds that tie individuals to society and influence their likelihood of engaging in criminal behavior: attachment to others, commitment to the community, involvement in social activities, and belief in common societal values. These bonds provide a framework for understanding how variations in the strength of an individual's connections to society can lead to different deviance levels.