Final answer:
The duodenum is primarily supplied with blood by the superior mesenteric artery, which arises from the abdominal aorta. The celiac trunk supplies blood to the liver and stomach.
Step-by-step explanation:
The duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine, is primarily supplied with blood by the superior mesenteric artery. The superior mesenteric artery arises from the abdominal aorta and branches into several major vessels that supply blood to the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, pancreas, and a majority of the large intestine.
The celiac trunk, a branch of the abdominal aorta, services the liver, stomach, and duodenum, but it is not the main blood supply to the duodenum. Other branches of the celiac trunk supply blood to the stomach.