Final answer:
At three minutes of all-out high-intensity exercise, 40% of the ATP is derived from aerobic sources. Aerobic respiration can yield 36 to 38 ATP molecules from a single glucose molecule. Without adequate sunlight, plant metabolism and growth are negatively impacted.
Step-by-step explanation:
At three minutes of all-out high-intensity exercise, 40% of the ATP is derived from aerobic sources. During the initial stages of exercise, muscles use stored ATP and generate more from creatine phosphate. As exercise progresses past 15 seconds, anaerobic metabolism begins to contribute, producing ATP by breaking down glucose into lactic acid when oxygen supply is inadequate. However, as the body supplies more oxygen to the muscles, aerobic metabolism increases in contribution. Aerobic respiration, which happens in the presence of oxygen, becomes a significant source of ATP as exercise duration continues.
When glucose is broken down through aerobic respiration, as many as 36 to 38 ATP molecules can be produced. This high yield is because aerobic catabolism involves multiple stages including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation through the electron transport chain, with the latter step accounting for the majority of the ATP produced.
In a scenario where plants do not have adequate sunlight, their metabolism can become stunted as sunlight is crucial for the photosynthetic process that enables plants to produce glucose, which is essential for their growth and energy needs.