Final answer:
Appendicitis is the most common surgical condition causing abdominal pain in children over two years old, and it requires the surgical removal of the infected appendix to prevent serious complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most common surgical condition for abdominal pain in children over 2 years old is appendicitis. Appendicitis is characterized by severe abdominal pain, which can be sudden in onset, and typically involves an infection in the appendix. Infections in the appendix develop because it is a narrow, blind-ended tube where indigestible material can become trapped, creating an environment for bacteria to thrive. Without prompt medical intervention, the appendix can burst, spreading the infection throughout the abdominal cavity, which requires surgical removal of the infected appendix to resolve the issue.