Final answer:
When a tight nuchal cord cannot be slipped over the neonate's head, it may be necessary to perform an in situ cord severance, clamping and cutting the cord before the shoulders are delivered to ensure the baby's safety. The umbilical cord is then cut to allow the newborn to start independent breathing, and the placenta is delivered afterward.
Step-by-step explanation:
If the nuchal cord is tight and cannot be slipped over the neonate's head during childbirth, alternative measures must be taken to safely deliver the baby. In some cases, the physician may perform a somersault maneuver where the baby's body is gently rotated 360 degrees to unwind the cord without pulling on it. If the cord is too tight, the clinician may opt to clamp and cut the cord before the delivery of the baby's shoulders (in situ cord severance). This procedure, although rare, is performed to prevent potential complications such as decreased blood flow to the baby, which could lead to hypoxia. Once the cord is clamped and safely cut, the delivery continues, followed by the delivery of the placenta, which is the final stage of childbirth.
During labor, the umbilical cord plays a crucial role by providing oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. However, once the baby is born, it becomes necessary to cut the cord so the baby can transition to breathing on its own. This initiates the baby's independent circulation and gas exchange through the lungs. Following the delivery, the cord's remnants will dry and form the navel. The placenta will also be delivered, concluding the childbirth process.