Final answer:
The treatment for Acute Salicylate Poisoning (ASA) includes immediate interventions like supplemental oxygen, aspirin, and nitroglycerine, followed by thrombolytic agents, anticoagulants, angioplasty with stents, or bypass surgery. Long-term management involves lifestyle changes and medications to improve heart health, and severe cases may require a coronary replacement or assist device.
Step-by-step explanation:
The treatment plan for Acute Salicylate Poisoning (ASA) under the Cardiac Ischemia Medical Directive involves several immediate and long-term interventions. Initially, supplemental oxygen is administered alongside aspirin to help break up clots, and nitroglycerine to facilitate vasodilation. Further treatment may include thrombolytic agents like streptokinase, anticoagulants such as heparin, coronary angioplasty with stents, or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) when necessary.
For longer-term management, lifestyle changes are recommended, such as weight loss, smoking cessation, regular exercise, and a heart-healthy diet low in sodium and saturated fats. Medications to reduce cholesterol and blood pressure may be prescribed. In certain cases, anti-platelet therapy such as clopidogrel plus aspirin (DAPT) may be used, especially after stent placement or to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.
In severe cases where there is extensive damage to the heart, a coronary replacement with a donor heart or the use of a coronary assist device may be considered. The development of artificial hearts serves as an alternative to the limited supply of heart donors, though its current efficacy is less satisfactory but expected to improve in the future.