Final answer:
Exercise at high altitudes can lead to acute mountain sickness (AMS), caused by low oxygen levels due to lower atmospheric pressure. Symptoms include headaches and nausea, and acclimatization is key for prevention. Ascending slowly and staying hydrated can help prevent AMS.
Step-by-step explanation:
Exercise at high altitudes, such as above 7,000 feet, can result in acute mountain sickness (AMS) due to the low partial pressure of oxygen in the air. At high altitudes, the reduced atmospheric pressure causes a decrease in oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the blood, leading to symptoms like headaches, fatigue, nausea, and lightheadedness. Acclimatization is a process where the body gradually adjusts to the high altitude conditions. During this period, the body increases production of hemoglobin and the respiratory rate to improve oxygen delivery to tissues. Prevention of AMS includes ascending slowly to higher altitudes, staying properly hydrated, and allowing time for the body to adjust to the lowered oxygen levels.