Final answer:
Potassium citrate is the medication recommended for preventing calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis, as it helps to alkalinize urine and reduce the formation of stones. Adequate hydration and dietary modifications are also key preventative strategies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medication useful in preventing calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis is Potassium citrate. Potassium citrate helps to prevent kidney stones, including calcium oxalate stones, by alkalinizing the urine, which prevents the formation of these stones. It is not only helpful in managing existing stones but also in preventing the formation of new stones by reducing the crystallization of calcium oxalate.
Other preventative measures for reducing the risk of kidney stones include dietary modifications such as consuming a diet low in protein, nitrogen, and sodium, avoiding oxalate-rich foods, and ensuring an adequate intake of dietary calcium. Additionally, staying hydrated and aiming to produce 2 to 2.5 liters of urine per day can significantly help in preventing the formation of kidney stones.