Final answer:
The hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system is a network of blood vessels that transports hypothalamic hormones directly to the anterior pituitary gland. It allows for precise control and rapid communication between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system is a network of blood vessels that allows hypothalamic hormones to be transported directly to the anterior pituitary gland without first entering the systemic circulation. The system starts from the superior hypophyseal artery and forms the hypophyseal portal system, which carries hypothalamic hormones to the anterior pituitary through a primary capillary plexus and portal veins.
This system is important because it enables the hypothalamus to directly regulate the secretion of hormones by the anterior pituitary. The hypothalamus produces releasing and inhibiting hormones that control the release of specific hormones by the anterior pituitary. By bypassing the systemic circulation, the hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system allows for precise control and rapid communication between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary.