Final answer:
The presence of third-stage alcohol hepatitis is indicated by elevated levels of liver enzymes, such as ALT, AST, and ALP, as well as increased bilirubin levels in the blood. Symptoms like jaundice and urine abnormalities often accompany these laboratory findings.
Step-by-step explanation:
Indicators of Third-Stage Alcohol Hepatitis
The presence of third-stage alcohol hepatitis, commonly known as alcoholic hepatitis, can be indicated by a series of abnormal laboratory test results. Specific blood tests will reveal elevated levels of liver enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and markers like alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which signifies liver damage or inflammation.
Additionally, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is an enzyme that is often elevated in the case of alcohol toxicity and can assist in diagnosing the cause of liver dysfunction, particularly when there's an isolated elevation in ALP.
The presence of both conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin in the blood is also indicative of impaired liver function due to the liver's inability to effectively process and excrete bilirubin. Patients may exhibit symptoms such as jaundice, characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes, and may have increased levels of urobilinogen in the urine. The presence of these symptoms alongside significantly raised liver enzyme levels and abnormal bilirubin levels helps diagnose third-stage alcohol hepatitis.