Final answer:
A. Asthma
Constriction of bronchi caused by allergies is characteristic of Asthma, a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways accompanied by symptoms such as difficulty breathing and wheezing.
Step-by-step explanation:
Constriction of bronchi caused by allergies is most accurately described as Asthma. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways in the lungs, which leads to episodic inflammation and narrowing of the airways, often accompanied by excessive mucus production. People with asthma experience symptoms such as difficulty breathing, coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness, and these symptoms can be triggered by various environmental factors, including allergies. Unlike COPD, which is often caused by long-term exposure to lung irritants such as tobacco smoke, or pneumonia and tuberculosis, which are caused by infections, asthma involves a different kind of inflammation and airway reaction usually triggered by allergens.