Question

Match the following forms of inheritance with the proper description:

1. Inheritance of phenotypes follow Mendel's laws.
2. Inheritance of genes that are located on the X chromosome.
3. Dominant phenotype is not expressed even though an individual carries a dominant allele.
4. A heterozygote has a phenotype that is intermediate between either corresponding homozygote.
5. A heterozygote has a phenotype where the contribution of both alleles is evident.
6. Sex affects the phenotype of the individual; some alleles are recessive in one sex and dominant in the opposite sex.
7. Traits that occur in only one of the two sexes.

Options:
Simple Mendelian inheritance, X-linked inheritance, Incomplete penetrance, Incomplete dominance, Codominance, Sex-influenced inheritance, Sex-limited traits

Answer 1

To match each form of inheritance with its description: 1 corresponds to Simple Mendelian inheritance, 2 to X-linked inheritance, 3 to Incomplete penetrance, 4 to Incomplete dominance, 5 to Codominance, 6 to Sex-influenced inheritance, and 7 to Sex-limited traits. Non-Mendelian patterns like incomplete dominance and codominance represent variations from Mendelian genetics.

Step-by-step explanation:

To match the forms of inheritance with their proper descriptions:

1. Simple Mendelian inheritance: Inheritance of phenotypes follows Mendel's laws.
2. X-linked inheritance: Inheritance of genes that are located on the X chromosome.
3. Incomplete penetrance: Dominant phenotype is not expressed even though an individual carries a dominant allele.
4. Incomplete dominance: A heterozygote has a phenotype that is intermediate between either corresponding homozygote.
5. Codominance: A heterozygote has a phenotype where the contribution of both alleles is evident.
6. Sex-influenced inheritance: Sex affects the phenotype of the individual; some alleles are recessive in one sex and dominant in the opposite sex.
7. Sex-limited traits: Traits that occur in only one of the two sexes.

Mendel's laws state that alleles segregate into gametes and that genes are assorted independently. However, there are extensions to these laws where alleles do not always show dominant or recessive patterns, such as incomplete dominance and codominance. Furthermore, X-linked inheritance pertains to genes located on the X chromosome, which affects males and females differently.