Final answer:
The Electra complex refers to a girl's feelings and desires during the phallic stage of Freud's psychosexual development, where she is postulated to have feelings of desire for her father and see her mother as a rival. The correct answer is option B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term Electra complex refers to Freud's theory of female gender identification. While it is often attributed to Freud, the concept of the Electra complex was actually introduced by Carl Jung. According to the theory, during the phallic stage of Freud's psychosexual development, a girl develops intense feelings toward her father and sees her mother as a rival. This conflicts with a boy's feelings during the same stage, which Freud called the Oedipus complex. Over time, Freud distanced himself from the concept of the Electra complex, but it still remains associated with Freudian theory due to its initial acceptance and discussion within the academic community.
Freud's comprehensive theory of personality suggests that our personality is shaped by three components: the id, ego, and superego. The id is responsible for basic urges, the superego acts as a moral compass, and the ego reconciles the two with the reality of the situation. During the phallic stage, girls experiencing the Electra complex are said to have pe_is envy and exhibit anger towards the mother for not providing them with a pen_s. Resolving this complex involves the girl beginning to identify more with the mother, much like how a boy resolves his Oedipus complex by identifying with the father.