Question

The Genain Quadruplet least affected by schizophrenia.

a. Mary
b. Margaret
c. Elizabeth
d. Theresa

Answer 1

The Genain Quadruplet least affected by schizophrenia was Nora. The study of the quadruplets aids in understanding the role of genetics and environment in schizophrenia. Different models explain the variation in severity of the disorder among genetically identical individuals.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Genain Quadruplets were a well-known case study in the examination of genetic and environmental factors in schizophrenia. Of the four sisters, Nora was the least affected by the disorder. This suggests that while genetic predisposition played a significant role in the condition (as all four shared the same genetics), environmental factors also had a considerable impact, considering the variation in the severity of the disorder among the siblings. To better understand how schizophrenia manifested in the Genain quadruplets, psychologists and researchers consider three views of gene-environment interactions: the diathesis-stress model, the gene-environment correlation model, and the gene-environment interaction model.

Differentiating between these models could shed light on why Nora was less affected:

1. The diathesis-stress model posits that genetic vulnerability coupled with stressful environments or life events triggers the onset of disorders like schizophrenia. Perhaps Nora experienced fewer stressors or had better coping mechanisms.
2. The gene-environment correlation model suggests that an individual's genetics influence the kind of environment they are exposed to. It's possible that Nora's slightly different genetic expression led her to environments that reduced her exposure to risk factors.
3. The gene-environment interaction model indicates that the effects of genetics on psychological outcomes may depend on the specific environment an individual is in. Possibly, Nora's environment interacted with her genetic makeup in such a way that helped mitigate the development of the disorder.

Understanding which model best explains the evidence is crucial for both the study and treatment of schizophrenia, as it can guide tailored interventions and support for those affected by the disease.