Final answer:
The inflammatory response in asthmatic bronchi is a Type I hypersensitivity reaction, which is an immediate allergic response mediated by mast cell degranulation and IgE antibodies. It leads to bronchoconstriction and other symptoms due to the release of inflammatory molecules.
Step-by-step explanation:
The inflammatory response in asthmatic bronchi is characterized by Type I hypersensitivity. In this hypersensitivity reaction, inhalation of allergens leads to the production of allergen-specific IgE antibodies which sensitize mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same allergen, these sensitized mast cells degranulate, releasing histamines and other inflammatory molecules that cause symptoms like nasal edema, runny nose, and in the case of asthma, bronchoconstriction. Notably, Type I hypersensitivity reactions are rapid, occurring within minutes—the reason why they are also known as immediate hypersensitivities. In contrast, Type II hypersensitivity involves cell lysis (cytotoxicity), Type III involves immune complex-mediated reactions, and Type IV, which is a T-cell-mediated response, can involve delayed-type reactions such as contact dermatitis or the CD4 TH2-mediated reactions that result in chronic asthma or allergic rhinitis over time.