Final answer:
The risk factors for severe Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection are primarily prematurity and possibly low humidity, with C. Prematurity being the correct answer. Older age and antibiotic use are not directly related to increased RSV risks. Supportive care is crucial for infants with RSV as there are no antiviral treatments for RSV pneumonia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is particularly concerning for infants and can cause serious respiratory issues. Although most people are infected by RSV by the age of 2, certain groups are at an increased risk for severe RSV infection. The risk factors for RSV include:
- Prematurity - Infants born prematurely have a higher risk of RSV because their lungs are not fully developed, making them susceptible to respiratory complications.
- Low Humidity - Viruses like RSV can survive better in low humidity environments, which may aid in spreading the virus.
In this context, the correct answer from the provided options is C. Prematurity, as older age is not usually a risk factor for severe RSV, antibiotic use isn't directly related to RSV risk, and low humidity may not be as significant a risk factor as premature birth regarding respiratory issues in infants.
For RSV infections in infants, which can be life-threatening, the key is often supportive care since no specific antiviral therapies for RSV pneumonia are available. It is essential to address the supportive care needs such as oxygen and hydration of the infant to aid in recovery.