Final answer:
Type II hypersensitivity reactions involve the binding of antibodies to cell-surface antigens, leading to cell damage. Goodpasture syndrome is a type II hypersensitivity disease that affects the kidneys and lungs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Type II hypersensitivity reactions involve the binding of IgG and IgM antibodies to cell-surface or matrix-associated antigens, leading to cell damage mediated by complement activation or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Examples of type II hypersensitivity include mismatched blood transfusions and blood compatibility diseases. Goodpasture syndrome is a type II hypersensitivity disease characterized by autoantibodies targeting the basement membrane in the kidneys and lungs, leading to glomerulonephritis and lung damage.